Miniaturization in Sample Preparation by Francisco Pena Pereira

Author:Francisco Pena Pereira
Language: eng
Format: azw3
Publisher: De Gruyter
Published: 2014-01-01T06:00:00+00:00

5 Choice of Solvent in Liquid-Phase Microextraction

Shayessteh Dadfarnia* and Ali Mohammad Haji-Shabani

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, 89195–741 Iran

*e-mail address: [email protected]

5.1 Introduction

Liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) is a miniaturized sample preparation technique that emerged in the mid-to-late 1990s (Liu & Dasgupta, 1996; Jeannot & Cantwell, 1996). In LPME, a microliter amount of water-immiscible solvent is used to extract analytes from aqueous samples. The principle of LPME is similar to the traditional liquid-liquid extraction. Thus, the choice of appropriate extracting solvent is an important aspect of a successful LPME. There are several peripheral properties of solvents which are of interest in selecting a solvent (Barwick, 1997) but do not directly affect the separation. These factors are frequently conflicting, and certainly no single substance would ordinary possess every desired characteristic. The final choice should be made after comparing the different physical properties of the solvents available and the required criteria for different modes of LPME to achieve good selectivity, sensitivity and precision. In this chapter, the relative importance of the various factors in choosing a solvent for LPME are considered and briefly discussed.

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